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- $Unique_ID{BRK02041}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Recognizing and Treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder}
- $Subject{Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder OCD cleaners obsessive behavior fear
- compulsive behavior obsessive compulsive behavior behavior therapy
- psychotherapy clomipramine psychology psychiatry}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (c) 1993 Tribune Media Services, Inc.
-
-
- Recognizing and Treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
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- QUESTION: A disturbing long distance call with my sister-in-law has revealed
- some actions by my brother that just go far beyond the range of the normal.
- He is constantly washing his hands, scrubbing them for many minutes on end.
- He takes 5 or 6 showers a day, sometimes more, and refuses to touch hand rails
- or bannisters, for fear of other peoples' germs. It seems he has been getting
- worse over the past months, but refuses to acknowledge that anything is wrong
- or seek treatment. What do you think is wrong with him, and is there any
- help?
-
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-
- ANSWER: Within a reasonable doubt you describe actions that are typical of
- someone with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Although once considered
- rare, it is now thought that as many as 5 million Americans have some form of
- this problem. OCD often takes the form or repetitive acts or thoughts,
- provoked by some anxiety or fear. Even when the patient realizes that the
- acts are senseless, the fear that something terrible will happen is so great
- as to compel them to continue to repeat the same activity over and over again.
- A most common fear is one of contagion or contamination by germs, and these
- people indulge in the type of washing activity you describe. Such patients
- are known as "cleaners", and form the greatest number of patients that are
- tormented by OCD, about 85 percent of those diagnosed.
- Obsessions and compulsions are not always a apart of a disease process,
- for many people do feel the need to perform certain tasks in a regular and
- meticulous fashion. Sometimes this need is a positive force in a person's
- life, providing the motivating force necessary to get things done properly.
- It is only when the actions begin to interfere with normal living, and become
- time consuming (over 1 hour per day) that they are considered to be abnormal.
- OCD comes in many forms and different degrees of severity. For most
- life may go on with the compulsive behavior hidden, confined to the privacy
- of their own home. The need for the activity may come and go, with periods of
- remission, only to find the compulsion returning after a quiet period of
- months. In about 10 percent of the cases, they become chronic and truly
- disabling. OCD behavior may be seen in children, as young as 2 years of age,
- though more frequently it begins during the adolescent years. It affects
- adults of all ages, women and men equally, and can be seen in people from all
- backgrounds and societies.
- Although the specific cause of the disease still remains a mystery, there
- are a number of treatments that are quite effective in controlling the
- symptoms and restoring a normal pattern to living. A technique called
- "behavior therapy" is reported to be even more useful than traditional
- psychotherapy. While the fear may be discussed and explored, the patient is
- prevented from performing the action. In brother's case the therapist would
- encourage him to touch a hand rail, but request that the hand washing not be
- performed. After several attempts, when the patient discovers that no great
- harm has occurred, the need to wash becomes diminished. Medication
- (clomipramine) may also be used to reduce the amount and frequency of the
- episodes of compulsive behavior. In some cases the patients improvement
- allows the physician to gradually reduce the dose of medication, until it is
- no longer needed. Combining both behavior therapy with medication may offer
- the best promise for a successful outcome.
-
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-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
-